考虑一下你的脚。你在他们身上走来走去，把他们的脚暴露在大自然中，把他们放在鞋子里，并确保他们吸收所有跑步和行走的影响。我们的脚每天都受到如此多的虐待，这并不奇怪。你当地的足科医生在这里可以帮助你。这些专家可以诊断出任何问题，并使你有用的附属物恢复完全健康。这些医生应该治疗哪些弊病？让我们仔细看看。应力性骨折是一种痛苦的疾病，当你移动或运动时，会产生剧烈的疼痛。足科医生可以帮助你在伤势变成严重的骨折之前治愈它。诊断其他疼痛可能比较困难。
严重的疼痛
持续超过24小时的严重疼痛可能表明有骨折或肌腱问题，甚至感染。神经病变会导致突然或严重的麻木，这可能会导致脚部溃疡。当你抬腿躺下时，血流减少可能导致脚痛。专家可以诊断和治疗所有这些情况。脚上或脚踝上的开放性伤口如果没有关闭，可能导致皮肤或骨骼感染。如果伤口或疮口不能迅速愈合，应咨询专家。如果你发现皮肤变色，应去看足科医生。这可能表明痛风、血流或静脉的问题。真菌感染是导致脚部问题的另一个原因。
专家应该检查顽固的香港脚、老茧和鸡眼、疣、拇囊炎和老茧。虽然你将来可能会被转到皮肤科医生那里，但足科医生是你的第一道防线。随着年龄的增长，我们的脚会出现并发症，导致骨骼的自发移位。它的发生有很多原因，但它可能是非常痛苦的。发红、肿胀、疼痛或其他症状，应立即向足科医生报告。如果不及时治疗，骨头可能会在错误的地方愈合，导致永久性畸形，以及行走困难。
许多人还会出现一只或两只脚的足弓变平或塌陷的情况。这可能是你有肌腱功能障碍或甚至断裂的迹象。肌腱问题如果不加以治疗，可能会导致关节的排列问题和关节炎。如果你在发现肌腱问题的几天内去看医生，大多数肌腱问题可以很快得到治疗。正如你所看到的，脚的问题可以有多种形式。它们可以发生在任何年龄段，而且往往是自发的。足科医生可以帮助你治疗哪怕是最小的疼痛或酸痛，所以它不会变成更严重、更痛苦的情况。
足弓问题
人的脚的解剖结构是由不同类型的骨骼和肌肉组成的。骨骼和肌肉为支撑整个身体的重量提供必要的结构支持。当身体移动时，这部分也提供稳定和平衡。如果这些骨骼或肌肉的结构有轻微变化，这个部位就会感到疼痛。所受压力的严重程度将决定疼痛的程度。脚可以分为三个部分。首先是脚踝，其次是中间，然后是脚趾。会有两个足弓，即纵向和横向足弓。横向足弓将沿着脚的宽度延伸，而纵向足弓将沿着长度延伸。这些足弓必须有一个正确的数量，这样才不会在脚部区域出现疼痛。以下是足弓问题的一些可能原因，以及有此问题的人可能经历的疼痛类型。
高脚弓会导致更多的疼痛，因为在脚踝和脚趾区域会有更多的压力。大多数高足弓的情况是由于遗传造成的。这个问题也可能是由糖尿病或痛风引起的。结构将被改变以增加压力。对士兵进行的研究表明，高足弓的人比平足的人感到肢体疼痛更低。有许多方法可以对抗高足弓的疼痛，包括特殊鞋和其他方法。也可以采用特殊的治疗方法来缓解这一部位的疼痛。较高的足弓意味着人们会感到脚部更多的疼痛，因为施加在该区域的压力较小。重要的是要确保压力不会施加在一个小区域。特殊的矫形鞋可以提供很好的保护，可以帮助预防肌肉和骨骼疼痛。
疼痛的脚跟
脚跟疼痛通常是在受伤或运动后发生的。然而，如果你长时间站立或体重增加，它也可能逐渐发生。它的特点是当你长时间坐着或早晨起床后第一次站立时有强烈的疼痛。疼痛通常会随着时间的推移而缓解，但它可能在一天中反复出现。在脚跟或脚跟底部出现严重疼痛的人被称为脚跟痛。它是由于跟骨周围的组织受到某种类型的冲击压力造成的，这些组织被称为钙质，或附着在它上面的韧带和肌腱。足底筋膜炎，是最常见的脚跟疼痛的类型。
足底筋膜韧带通过主弓连接脚趾和脚跟。如果这条韧带在脚跟处撕裂，就会引起脚跟疼痛。这些微撕裂可以发生在任何人身上，从老年运动员到更高级的超重者。它在超重的人中更常见，因为在跑步或走路时脚跟重重地敲击，会对足底筋膜韧带造成额外的压力。痛风和类风湿是其他可能的原因。如果它们发生在足底筋膜，也会引起脚跟疼痛。你可以通过做简单的楼梯伸展运动和墙面俯卧撑来锻炼足底筋膜肌肉。反射疗法和按摩可能有助于缓解疼痛。
足浴
用精油进行温暖的足浴也可能有帮助。脚底筋膜夜间夹板是一个好主意。它们将使韧带在一夜之间保持拉伸，这样在早上就不会那么痛了。这是因为韧带在睡眠中会放松，使你在早晨第一次在地板上行走时感到紧张，从而更加痛苦。你可以通过改变你的鞋子或鞋垫来帮助自己，使其对足弓有更多的支持。然而，如果你继续感到不适，你应该咨询你的医生或按摩师/足疗师，以获得进一步的治疗。他们可能会建议你在脚跟处注射类固醇或定制矫形器。
由硅凝胶制成的脚跟杯，在最痛的脚跟处有一个较软的区域，可能是缓解脚跟疼痛的最好方法。这些可以安装在大多数鞋子里，在大多数药房和药店都能买到。我的博客包含更多关于鞋跟杯的信息，以及如何使用它们来治疗疼痛的脚跟和小腿滑囊炎。随着时间的推移，你的脚跟疼痛应该减少。然而，根据损害的严重程度，可能需要6至9个月才能完全解决这个问题。你可能需要调整你的运动程序以适应疼痛。在你寻求进一步的建议或解决方案之前，请将你的步行和慢跑降到最低限度。
How is gout diagnosed?
To diagnose gout, the doctor or healthcare professional may observe the symptoms or clinical signs of the disease. Most of the time this is sufficient, as the symptoms are fairly clear.
The doctor may also carry out a puncture of the fluid in the affected joint by suction; the presence of micro-crystals of uric acid (MAU) confirms gout. These crystals are analysed under a microscope, usually in a doctor's surgery. Some specialists believe that microscopic analysis of the crystals is the only way to make a correct diagnosis of gout. Uric acid levels can also give an indication of the diagnosis, but false diagnoses are possible. The rheumatologist is the doctor specialising in gout. Measuring uric acid levels in the blood can also help the doctor to identify gout or a risk of gout.
In addition, a study showed that high levels of glycoprotein acetyls - a known marker of inflammation - were present in people's blood samples in the months or years before their first gout attacks. People with lower levels of glycoprotein acetyls developed gout less often. Higher levels of acetyl glycoproteins also predicted which participants would develop gout less often.
How do you manage a gout attack?
Is gout dangerous?
Yes, if the disease is not properly treated. Gout can lead to permanent joint damage and tissue destruction. Joint damage and large tophi (crystals under the skin) can lead to deformities - particularly of the hands and feet - and can even lead to loss of normal use6. There are other disorders associated with untreated gout, such as kidney disease. This is why it is so important to control the disease at an early stage.
What effect does uric acid have on the kidneys?
Hyperuricaemia plays an important role not only in the onset of gout but also in many kidney diseases: 15% of patients suffering from gout also have kidney disease.
Hyperuricaemia can lead to sedimentation of uric acid crystals in the kidneys, affecting kidney tissue and function. Uric acid stones are the result and often precede a gout attack. Where normally 1 to 3% of the total population produces stones, 1 in 5 gout patients fall victim to them.
When does uricemia become hyperuricemia?
Uric acid is an end product of the metabolism of purine, an ingredient required for chromosome synthesis. Part of the uric acid produced is found in the blood, the other part is produced in the urine. The amount of uric acid in the blood remains relatively constant, but naturally increases when uric acid transport increases or when excretion decreases. Overconsumption of proteins, sugars or food products containing purine leads to overproduction of uric acid. On the other hand, over-consumption of fats reduces uric acid excretion via the urine. Both cases therefore lead to hyperuricaemia. The uric acid is then deposited in various tissues in the form of crystals, for example in the joints or kidneys, which over time (sometimes several years) can lead to a first attack of gout or the formation of stones.
5 评论
Cindy
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